WEBVTT 00:00.180 --> 00:06.630 The next Pilton string function that we'll work with is called replace and what it does is it replaces 00:06.660 --> 00:08.700 parts of a string. 00:08.700 --> 00:14.130 So if you want to get rid of a certain occurrence of a character or you wanted to replace all spaces 00:14.130 --> 00:19.840 with commas or something like that you could use replace and the syntax looks like this. 00:20.130 --> 00:27.580 Here's an example where we have the string hello world and you know what I just realized this again. 00:27.750 --> 00:30.160 That's a bad word right there. 00:30.660 --> 00:37.260 So if we want to get rid of that we could use Replace hello world comma. 00:37.290 --> 00:39.190 What we're trying to remove. 00:39.450 --> 00:44.560 And then what we want to replace it with and it will do that to all occurrences. 00:44.580 --> 00:47.270 In this case hell only occurs once. 00:47.640 --> 00:49.740 So that's what our output looks like. 00:50.140 --> 00:52.720 Percent star Octa Thorpe. 00:52.860 --> 00:54.160 Oh what's this thing called. 00:54.300 --> 01:00.400 There's an actual name for the at symbol but there's a real name and then O world. 01:00.420 --> 01:04.120 So if I copy that over and just run it now. 01:04.380 --> 01:06.810 See that's the output that we get. 01:06.810 --> 01:17.350 We could also do something like replace hello world and let's just replace all Elle's with sevens. 01:17.370 --> 01:18.920 Why not. 01:19.020 --> 01:21.680 And that's what we need to do there. 01:22.110 --> 01:27.390 And then we get hello world but with sevens instead of ells you know we could do the same thing just 01:27.390 --> 01:34.740 to show you one more with oh's and replace them with zero. 01:34.740 --> 01:38.150 Now one thing that is important to pay attention to. 01:38.460 --> 01:45.670 Let's say I have hello here with a capital O. 01:46.050 --> 01:46.520 Hello. 01:46.520 --> 01:52.620 Here with a lowercase Oh excuse me world with lower case so the idea just say have upper and lower case 01:52.640 --> 01:53.570 oves in here. 01:53.650 --> 01:58.070 If I try and replace 0 and then say I just want to replace it with. 01:58.170 --> 02:00.220 That's an asterisk. 02:00.240 --> 02:01.810 What do you think will happen. 02:03.550 --> 02:09.140 And the answer is it only replaces exactly this character so it is case sensitive. 02:09.140 --> 02:12.020 So it didn't touch this capital O here. 02:12.140 --> 02:17.250 So that's one way to use your place the other way that I mentioned is that it can replace multiple things. 02:17.270 --> 02:23.960 So here is a civic example where I have a string cheese space bread space coffee space milk. 02:23.960 --> 02:32.240 Maybe it's a grocery list or something and I want to replace all spaces with the string and wall space 02:32.270 --> 02:33.410 and space. 02:33.680 --> 02:40.640 Basically the output will be cheese and bread and coffee and milk inserted that right there. 02:40.640 --> 02:44.060 Here here and here every time there's a space. 02:44.210 --> 02:48.640 So if I tried running that you can see it works. 02:48.650 --> 02:50.460 Cheese and bread and coffee and milk. 02:50.840 --> 02:53.680 So now let's do something with the book data we have. 02:53.690 --> 02:56.970 We'll do something really simple and similar to what we just did. 02:57.010 --> 03:04.490 Let's replace all E's with threes and we'll just do lowercase E's So anytime there's a lowercase like 03:04.730 --> 03:10.090 namesake Norse American we'll replace it with three. 03:10.160 --> 03:13.950 So to do that is a select replace and don't ask why. 03:14.120 --> 03:19.860 It's not really a real world example but it's like a place you want to do title. 03:20.480 --> 03:26.340 And then what are we trying to replace lowercase is what do we want to replace him with three. 03:27.020 --> 03:30.200 And then what table from books. 03:30.510 --> 03:38.310 And we could get more specific but let's just do from books and you can see where you get the name sake 03:38.330 --> 03:41.760 with three threes and all the way down. 03:41.840 --> 03:45.520 Consider the lobster Cannery Row and so on. 03:45.680 --> 03:51.650 And that's pretty much it to using replace a bit of a bonus at the end here is that also you can combine 03:51.650 --> 03:57.530 replace with other functions like we've already seen use concat and substring together so we could try 03:57.530 --> 04:01.430 the same thing by using replace and Concat for instance. 04:01.430 --> 04:08.030 So I could do something like If I work in this book code I will comment this out which I haven't shown 04:08.030 --> 04:08.840 how to do yet. 04:09.130 --> 04:16.220 Highlighted it and on a Mac its command slash on a PC I believe it is control slash. 04:16.990 --> 04:23.030 And when it commented out which means it just won't run it Tirso I can see it but sequel treats it are 04:23.030 --> 04:26.400 minuscule treats it as if there's nothing there when it runs it. 04:26.420 --> 04:29.780 So what I want to do now I want to combine replace. 04:29.870 --> 04:36.740 So what I'm going to do is select and I'm just going to fill in some rough blanks here so we have a 04:36.740 --> 04:41.030 place and then we're going to have from books. 04:41.480 --> 04:46.820 But what we want to do is not just replace things I'll do the same thing where we replace all ease with 04:46.850 --> 04:55.810 threes so that replace title the lower case e with three like that. 04:56.060 --> 05:01.420 But I'm only going to take the first 10 characters like we did with substring. 05:01.640 --> 05:11.720 So I need to do substring and I want to do substring of this whole thing. 05:14.380 --> 05:20.300 And you know I'm realizing as this goes on this is a little convoluted so I'll throw up another Don't 05:20.300 --> 05:21.280 panic here. 05:21.320 --> 05:27.920 This is more just me showing you that it's something you can do but it's not essential that you wrap 05:27.920 --> 05:31.760 your head around this entirely but just to show you so substring. 05:31.910 --> 05:35.600 And the first argument is replace this whole thing. 05:35.600 --> 05:44.630 So basically we're taking a substring of this and then if this and we want to go from 1 to 10 so that's 05:44.630 --> 05:45.310 a lot there. 05:45.340 --> 05:54.230 Now if I pasted in here you can see what it did was first replace always with three and then take the 05:54.320 --> 05:58.400 substring of that from 1 to 10. 05:58.790 --> 06:02.010 And of course we could give it a better name because it is pretty ugly. 06:02.120 --> 06:11.540 So we could do as weird string let's say and now we have weird string appear and yeah that's pretty 06:11.540 --> 06:11.840 much it. 06:11.850 --> 06:14.270 I just wanted to show that we could combine them together. 06:14.480 --> 06:16.790 Why you would do this exactly again. 06:16.820 --> 06:18.060 You probably wouldn't. 06:18.170 --> 06:23.670 But the key here is that they're kind of like Lego pieces you can reorder them you can. 06:23.930 --> 06:29.640 Well maybe more like nesting dolls actually where you can nest them inside of one another. 06:29.840 --> 06:34.940 So like we did substring inside of a concat we can do a replace inside of substring. 06:34.940 --> 06:39.490 So that's enough of a place we're going to continue with a couple more and then we'll do some challenges.